Some, known as "barred spirals," have a bar structure in their center, formed by dust and gas funneled into the center. The gas and dust in a spiral galaxy circles the center at speeds of hundreds of miles per second, creating their pinwheel shape. Known as spiral galaxies, these groups make up most of the galaxies that astronomers can see. Some, like the Milky Way, have arms spiraling outward around their center. Each type has different characteristics and a different history of evolution. Other galaxies may contain quasars - the most energetic bodies in the universe - at their core. Material circling the black hole may be accelerated outward by its jets. In some cases, a galaxy’s central black hole is extremely large or active, even in relatively small galaxies. Most galaxies have black holes at their centers that can produce a tremendous amount of energy, which astronomers can see over great distances.
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